Al-Fikrah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan is a peer-reviewed professional journal with an editorial board of scholars in the field of management education. The journal seeks to spread research to educators around the world. This journal warmly welcomes the contributions of scientists and related disciplinary experts. This publication was created as an interactive journal, not an electronic version of traditional print publications. As our commitment to the advancement of science and technology, the Al-Fikrah follows the open access policy that allows the published articles freely available online without any subscription. Submitted papers must be written in English for the initial review stage by editors and a further review process by a minimum of two international reviewers.

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This issue has been available online since 12th December 2024 for the regular issue of December 2024. All articles in this issue (15 original research articles) were authored/co-authored by 59 authors from 9 countries (Bahrain, Cambodia, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Myanmar, Lebanon, Indonesia, India, United Kingdom and Philippines).

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Al-Fikrah: The Journal of Educational Management ISSN 2339-0131 (print) | 2549-9106 (online) Organized by Department of Education Management, Post Graduate Program, State Institute for Islamic Studies Batusangkar, Indonesia Published by Department of Education Management - Post Graduate Program W : http://[email protected] E  : [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] View Al-Fikrah Stats

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