Smart Free-Fall Experiment Apparatus Using Arduino, Infrared–Ultrasonic Sensors, and Bluetooth Data Logging
Abstract
This study aims to develop a valid and practical Arduino Uno-assisted free fall experiment tool as a learning medium for 11th grade high school/MA physics. This study uses the research and development method with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects consisted of three expert validators and grade XI high school students as limited test subjects. The practical tool was developed by integrating Arduino Uno, infrared sensors, ultrasonic sensors, HC-05 Bluetooth modules, and MicroSD modules to support automatic time and height measurements, wireless data transmission, and digital data storage. Data collection techniques were carried out using expert validation sheets and student practicality questionnaires. The data were analyzed using validity and practicality percentages based on predetermined criteria. The results showed that the developed practical tool had a very high validity level with an average percentage of 88% and a category of highly valid. In addition, the practicality test results showed a percentage of 81.5% with a very practical category. These findings indicate that the Arduino Uno-assisted free fall practicum tool is feasible and effective for use as a physics learning medium, and is capable of improving the quality of practicum activities through accurate measurements, time efficiency, and more systematic management of experimental data.
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