Synthesis and Analysis of Activated Carbon Structure from Ketaping Fruit Shell Biomass Through X-Ray Diffraction Characterization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/js.v16i1.12394Keywords:
Activated carbon, X-ray Diffraction, Microcrystallite, Ketaping Fruit Shell.Abstract
Synthesis of activated carbon from ketaping fruit shell biomass aims to produce high-quality active carbon to be applied in various fields. Activated carbon from ketaping fruit shells is synthesized by thermal treatment. It is synthesized through two stages, namely carbonation and activation. The carbonation stage is carried out at 400oC under O2 gas flow. This aims to break down lignol cellulose into carbon with low-quality pores through incomplete combustion. The activation stage is carried out by mixing activated carbon and KOH in varying ratios of 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5 wt. It is carried out by multilevel thermal treatment at 700oC for 3.5 hours to form activated carbon with high pore quality. The activated carbon produced is then subjected to EDS characterization to see the active carbon content and XRD to see the structure of the active carbon with the characteristics of distance between layers, layer height, layer width, and number of layers. The results of EDX analysis show that the active carbon from the shell of the ketaping fruit contains 97.52% carbon and 2.48% oxygen. The results of XRD analysis show that the activated carbon surface area optimum at a molar ratio of 1:3 wt is 1,708.62 mg-1. The distance of the resulting activated carbon layer is 0.3566nm at the 002 peak and 0.2102nm at the 100 peak. The layer height and width of the active carbon layer produced at a 1:3 wt ratio were 0.5489nm and 0.3002nm. Meanwhile, the number of layers of active carbon produced is 3 layers.References
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Dwika Hardi, A., Joni, R., Aziz, H., Kimia Fisika, L., Kimia, J., & Artikel, H. (2020). Pembuatan Karbon Aktif dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit sebagai Elektroda Superkapasitor. Jurnal Fisika Unand (JFU), 9(4), 479–486. https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.9.4.479-486-.2020
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Mistar, E. M., Alfatah, T., & Supardan, M. D. (2020). Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon from Bambusa vulgaris striata using two-step KOH activation. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 9(3), 6278–6286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.03.041
Mossfika, E., Syukri, S., & Aziz, H. (2020). Preparation of Activated Carbon from Tea Waste by NaOH Activation as A Supercapacitor Material. Journal of Aceh Physics Society, 9(2), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.24815/jacps.v9i2.15905
Neme, I., Gonfa, G., & Masi, C. (2022). Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from castor seed hull by chemical activation with H3PO4. Results in Materials, 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2022.100304
Neolaka, Y. A. B., Lawa, Y., Naat, J., Riwu, A. A. P., Darmokoesoemo, H., Widyaningrum, B. A., Iqbal, M., & Kusuma, H. S. (2021). Indonesian Kesambi wood (Schleichera oleosa) activated with pyrolysis and H2SO4 combination methods to produce mesoporous activated carbon for Pb(II) adsorption from aqueous solution. Environmental Technology and Innovation, 24, 101997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2021.101997
Perdana, Y. A., Joni, R., Aziz, H., & Syukri. (2020). Effect of KOH Activator on the Performance of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Kernel Shell as Supercapacitor Electrode Material. J. Aceh Phys. Soc., 1, 6–8. https://doi.org/10.16309/j.cnki.issn.1007-1776.2003.03.004
Pimentel, C. H., Díaz-Fernández, L., Gómez-Díaz, D., Freire, M. S., & González-Álvarez, J. (2023). Separation of CO2 using biochar and KOH and ZnCl2 activated carbons derived from pine sawdust. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 11(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2023.111378
Prabawati, S. Y., Widiakongko, P. D., & Taqwim, M. A. (2023). Activated Charcoal from Coffee Dregs Waste as an Alternative Biosorbent of Cu(II) and Ag(I). Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, 23(4), 1120–1128. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.83269
Spencer, W., Senanayake, G., Altarawneh, M., Ibana, D., & Nikoloski, A. N. (2024). Review of the effects of coal properties and activation parameters on activated carbon production and quality. In Minerals Engineering (Vol. 212). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108712
Taer, E., Natalia, K., Apriwandi, A., Taslim, R., Agustino, A., & Farma, R. (2020). The synthesis of activated carbon nanofiber electrode made from acacia leaves (Acacia mangium wild) as supercapacitors. Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6254/ab8b60
Tetteh, I. K., Issahaku, I., & Tetteh, A. Y. (2024). Recent advances in synthesis, characterization, and environmental applications of activated carbons and other carbon derivatives. Carbon Trends, 14(February), 100328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100328
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2024-06-30
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