Analysis of the Subsurface Structure of Mount Kerinci Based on Gravity Anomaly and 2-D Modeling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/js.v18i1.17331Keywords:
Gravity Method, Subsurface Structure, Mount Kerinci, Bouguer Anomaly, 2-D ModellingAbstract
Mount Kerinci is an active type A volcano and the highest mountain in Southeast Asia with an altitude of 3,805 m above sea level. This study aims to analyze the distribution pattern of gravity anomalies and identify the subsurface structure of Mount Kerinci using the gravity method. The data used are satellite gravity data from the Global Gravity Model Plus (GGMPlus) with a spatial resolution of ±220 m. Data processing includes the calculation of Complete Bouguer Anomaly (CBA), separation of regional and residual anomalies, and two-dimensional (2D) forward modeling of residual anomalies. The results show that the CBA value ranges from 0–46 mGal. Low anomalies (0–14 mGal) develop in the northern to northeastern parts, moderate anomalies (15–30 mGal) dominate the area around the summit of Mount Kerinci, while high anomalies (31–46 mGal) are located in the southwest. The distribution of these anomalies reflects variations in subsurface rock density influenced by differences in lithology, geological structure, and volcanic activity. The results of 2D modeling indicate that the subsurface structure of Mount Kerinci is composed of Quaternary volcanic rocks with a density of 2.20–2.55 g/cm³, a low-density alteration and fracture zone of approximately 2.20 g/cm³ below the summit, a magmatic intrusion body or magma conduit with a density of approximately 2.90 g/cm³, and a high-density basement rock of approximately 3.40 g/cm³. The results indicate that the volcanic system of Mount Kerinci is controlled by magmatic activity that develops on denser basement rocks.
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