Islamic Educational Provisions in South Korea and Indonesia: A Comparison
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v3i1.8772Keywords:
Islam in Korea, Korean Muslims, Indonesian Muslims, Islamic educationAbstract
This essay seeks to uncover, examine and analyse the provision of Islamic education in both Indonesia and South Korea. Comparisons were made in respect of infrastructure, curriculum, scope and reach, professionalism, funding and other areas, and potential for improvements identified. By examining existing research, publications, newspaper articles, journal publications, statistics and other data and information sources, it is apparent that Korea is severely lacking in Islamic education provisions, whereas this is not generally the case in Indonesia. This is primarily owing to demographic, historical and social reasons. However, with the declining population of Korea, and a birth-rate unable to reach even a stable replacement-rate, Korea will be forced to meet labour needs by way of immigration. Accordingly, with the arrival of more Muslim workers, and a higher number of Muslim students, the Muslim of population is likely to significantly increase, as will the rate of Korean Muslims by way of conversion to Islam.
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Nik, R. (2013). An Islamic Perspective on the Role of Education in Responding to Social Issues among Students in Malaysia. US-China Education Review, 3(6), 439–446.
Park, S. S. (2008). First Muslim School to Open Next Year. Koreatimes. https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/03/117_20746.html
Sidat, H. (2018). Between Tradition and Transition: An Islamic Seminary, or Dar al-Uloom in Modern Britain. Religions, 9(10), 314. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel9100314
Smith, P. (2018). Lessons from the world’s largest Muslim nation. British Council: Indonesia. https://www.britishcouncil.org/research-policy-insight/insight-articles/lessons-from-the-world
Umayyatun, S. (2018). MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI KOREA SELATAN: Studi Tentang Korea Muslim Federation (KMF) Tahun 1967-2015 M. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama, 11(2), 135–156. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/ushuluddin/SosiologiAgama/article/view/112-01/1183 ; https://doi.org/10.14421/jsa.2017.112-01
Von Der Mehden, F. R. (1995). "Indonesia.". In John L. Esposito. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
World Bank. (2021). Population, total - Indonesia | Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=ID
World Bank. (2022). Population, total - Korea, Rep. | Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=KR
Yun, J., Kim, C. Y., Son, S. H., Bae, C. W., Choi, Y. S., & Chung, S. H. (2022). Birth Rate Transition in the Republic of Korea: Trends and Prospects. Journal of Korean medical science, 37(42), e304. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e304
Yunus, M. (1996). Sejarah Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia (The History of Islamic Education in Indonesia). Jakarta: PT. Hidakarya Agung
Zuhdi, M. (2006). Modernization of Indonesian Islamic schools’ curricula, 1945–2003. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 10(4–5), 415–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603110500430765
Zuhdi, M. (2018). Challenging Moderate Muslims: Indonesia’s Muslim Schools in the Midst of Religious Conservatism. Religions, 9(10), 310. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel9100310
Zed, M. (2014). Library research methods. Jakarta: Indonesian Torch Foundation
Allison, S. Z. (2021). A Paradigmal Shift in the Recognition of Moroccan Sovereignty Over Western Sahara. The Journal of Middle East and North Africa Sciences, 7(05), 20-23. https://nebula.wsimg.com/d118ed87611bf697b3bf53054bce93cf?AccessKeyId=496D8DBA34323A04A464&disposition=0&alloworigin=1
Al-Otaibi, M. M., & Rashid, H. M. (1997). The Role of Schools in Islamic Society. American Journal of Islam and Society, 14(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v14i4.2230
Ashari, L. F., & Anwar, F. (2022). Moral Problems and Mothers’ Efforts to Educate Children in Single Parent Families. Journal of Islamic Education Students (JIES), 2(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v2i1.4367
Azad, S. (2015). Koreans in the Persian Gulf: Policies and International Relations. Routledge.
Baker, D. (2006). Islam Struggles for a Toehold in Korea. Harvard Asia Review. https://web.archive.org/web/20080516063253/http://www.asiaquarterly.com/content/view/167/43/
Chaigne, T. (2023). The Observers - Islamophobia: Pig heads left outside a mosque in South Korea. The Observers - France 24. https://observers.france24.com/en/tv-shows/the-observers/20230117-nsouth-korea-islamophobia-mosque-pig-heads
Cho, A. (2018). Halal Firms Fighting Refugees’ fear. Hankuung Newspaper. http://news.hankyung.com/article/2018072447701
Daulay, H. P. (2017). ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: A Historical Analysis of Development and Dynamics. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. https://mpsi.umm.ac.id/files/file/291_+ISLAMIC+EDUCATION+IN+INDONESIA+A+Historical+Analysis.pdf
Eum, I. (2019). Global Islamic Consumerism and Local Reactions: The Emergence of South Korea’s Halal Industry and Islamophobic Responses. Maydan. https://themaydan.com/2019/03/global-islamic-consumerism-and-local-reactions-the-emergence-of-south-koreas-halal-industry-and-islamophobic-responses/
Fardila, U. A., Imamah, F. M., & Dewi, I. S. (2020). WHY ISLAM IS THE WORLD FASTEST GROWING RELIGIOUS GROUP DESPITE OF TERRORISM ISSUES? AN INITIAL RESEARCH OF TERRORISM ISSUES AND ISLAM AWARENESS. JARES (Journal of Academic Research and Sciences), 5(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.35457/jares.v5i1.899
FirstPost. (2022). Pig heads, pork barbecues feast at mosque site spark claims of “Islamophobic attacks” in South Korea. Firstpost. https://www.firstpost.com/world/pig-heads-pork-barbecues-feast-at-mosque-site-spark-claims-of-islamophobic-attacks-in-south-korea-11880921.html
Hahn, R. A., & Truman, B. I. (2015). Education Improves Public Health and Promotes Health Equity. International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation, 45(4), 657–678. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020731415585986
Idris, F., Hassan, Z., Ya’acob, A., Gill, S. K., & Awal, N. M. (2012). The Role of Education in Shaping Youth’s National Identity. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 59, 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.299
Incheon Islamic Center. (2022, February 19). Incheon Islamic Center. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid0Q9X1mB8dRAnxZppCMCir33a5SY7apSgJTLnMmckDtrwgDFJxGS8xQT93fMWhQH4Kl
Irwansyah, I., Paminto, A., Ilmi, Z., Darma, D. C., & Ulfah, Y. (2022). The Flip Side of Economic Growth – Predictions from Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 11(1), 107-124. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v11i1.20280
Jeon, J. S. (n.d.). Foreign workers in the Korean labour market: current status and policy issues. Bank for International Settlements. https://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap100_m.pdf
Lee, H. J. (2022). Korea still grappling with acceptance of Muslim residents. Korea Times. https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2022/05/177_328456.html
Lee, H. S., Yi, H., & Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA). (1997). The Advent of Islam in Korea: A Historical Account. Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA).
Lee, H.S. (1991). Early Korea-Arabic maritime relations based on Muslim sources. Korea Journal 31(2), 21–32.
Ministry of Patriots and Veteran Affairs: Republic of Korea. (n.d.). Background of Participation and Activity of each Forces: Turkey. https://www.mpva.go.kr/english/contents.do?key=1327
MUI. (2019). Sejarah MUI. https://web.archive.org/web/20211128053650/https://mui.or.id/sejarah-mui/
Mulyaman, D., & Ismail, A. (2021). Tendentious Actions, Racism, or Bad Prejudice?: Examining the Relations of Ethnocentrism and Xenophobia in the Contemporary South Korea. Andalas Journal of International Studies, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.25077/ajis.10.2.192-205.2021 ; http://ajis.fisip.unand.ac.id/index.php/ajis/article/view/488
Muttaqin, T. (2018). Determinants of Unequal Access to and Quality of Education in Indonesia. Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning, 2(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.36574/jpp.v2i1.27
Nik, R. (2013). An Islamic Perspective on the Role of Education in Responding to Social Issues among Students in Malaysia. US-China Education Review, 3(6), 439–446.
Park, S. S. (2008). First Muslim School to Open Next Year. Koreatimes. https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/03/117_20746.html
Sidat, H. (2018). Between Tradition and Transition: An Islamic Seminary, or Dar al-Uloom in Modern Britain. Religions, 9(10), 314. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel9100314
Smith, P. (2018). Lessons from the world’s largest Muslim nation. British Council: Indonesia. https://www.britishcouncil.org/research-policy-insight/insight-articles/lessons-from-the-world
Umayyatun, S. (2018). MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI KOREA SELATAN: Studi Tentang Korea Muslim Federation (KMF) Tahun 1967-2015 M. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama, 11(2), 135–156. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/ushuluddin/SosiologiAgama/article/view/112-01/1183 ; https://doi.org/10.14421/jsa.2017.112-01
Von Der Mehden, F. R. (1995). "Indonesia.". In John L. Esposito. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
World Bank. (2021). Population, total - Indonesia | Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=ID
World Bank. (2022). Population, total - Korea, Rep. | Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=KR
Yun, J., Kim, C. Y., Son, S. H., Bae, C. W., Choi, Y. S., & Chung, S. H. (2022). Birth Rate Transition in the Republic of Korea: Trends and Prospects. Journal of Korean medical science, 37(42), e304. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e304
Yunus, M. (1996). Sejarah Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia (The History of Islamic Education in Indonesia). Jakarta: PT. Hidakarya Agung
Zuhdi, M. (2006). Modernization of Indonesian Islamic schools’ curricula, 1945–2003. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 10(4–5), 415–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603110500430765
Zuhdi, M. (2018). Challenging Moderate Muslims: Indonesia’s Muslim Schools in the Midst of Religious Conservatism. Religions, 9(10), 310. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel9100310
Zed, M. (2014). Library research methods. Jakarta: Indonesian Torch Foundation
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2023-05-30
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Zamakda Allison, S. (2023). Islamic Educational Provisions in South Korea and Indonesia: A Comparison. Journal of Islamic Education Students (JIES), 3(1), 50–61. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v3i1.8772
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