Digital Fiqh and Ethical Governance: Negotiating Islamic Normativity and Online Narcissism in Contemporary Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v24i1.13218Keywords:
Digital Fiqh, Ethical Governance, Identity, NarcissismAbstract
The proliferation of digital technologies and social media in IndonesiaÔÇöhome to the world's largest Muslim populationÔÇöhas introduced complex ethical challenges that exceed the boundaries of classical Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). This article critically examines how the rise of online narcissistic behaviorsÔÇöcharacterized by excessive self-presentation, validation-seeking, and performative religiosityÔÇöreshapes ethical consciousness and disrupts normative Islamic frameworks. Drawing on Relational Identity Theory as an analytical lens, the study explores the tensions between individual autonomy and communal responsibility within digital spheres. Methodologically, this research employs a qualitative content analysis of online interactions, complemented by in-depth interviews with Islamic scholars and digital media experts. Findings reveal that digital platforms function not merely as communicative tools but as contested ethical arenas wherein Islamic norms are negotiated, reinterpreted, and at times subverted. In response, the article proposes a conceptual model of ÔÇ£Digital Fiqh Governance,ÔÇØ which seeks to integrate classical Islamic ethical principles with the emergent moral logics of digital life. This model offers practical and normative guidance for fostering responsible digital conduct grounded in Islamic values. Ultimately, the study argues that the unregulated expansion of online narcissism necessitates a reconfiguration of┬áfiqh-based ethical governance to safeguard moral integrity in contemporary Muslim societies.
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Savitri Hartono, H. (2015). Muslim Mothers and Indonesian Gossip Shows in Everyday Life. Indonesia & the Malay World, 298–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2014.996995.
Sito Rohmawati, H., Zulkifli, & Hakiem, N. (2025). Mediatization and Hypermediation in Digital Religion and the Transformation of Indonesian Muslim Religious Practices through Social Media Usage. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama, 18(2), 133–150. https://doi.org/10.14421/jsa.2024.182-01
Slama, M. (2025). Social Media and the Question of Change in Indonesia’s Field of Islam. Indonesia, 119(1), 173–192. https://doi.org/10.1353/ind.2025.a961932
Stryker, S., & Burke, P. J. (2000). The Past, Present, and Future of an Identity Theory. Social Psychology Quarterly, 63(4), 284. https://doi.org/10.2307/2695840
Waliyuddin, M. N. (2019). Religious Expression of Millenial Muslims within Collective Narcissism Discourse in Digital Era. Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama Dan Sosial Budaya, 4(2), 176–190. https://doi.org/10.15575/jw.v4i2.6623
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Zijderveld, M. C. (2023). The Instagrammable Authority of Religious Leaders [Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam]. https://doi.org/10.5463/thesis.393
Amin, S., & Ali, G. (2021). The Growing Trend of Human Defamation on Social Media : Causes and Remedies in the Context of Islamic Teachings. Journal of Islamic & Religious Studies, 6(1), 57–72. https://doi.org/10.36476/JIRS.6
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Chakim, S. (2022). The Youth and the Internet: The Construction of Doctrine, Islam in Practice, and Political Identity in Indonesia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 13(1), 217–236.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five approaches (3rd ed.) (4th ed.). Sage Publicationsitle.
Dillon, A. (2019). Collecting as routine human behavior: Personal identity and control in the material and digital world. Information and Culture, 54(3), 255–280. https://doi.org/10.7560/IC54301
Febrian, H. (2024). Visualizing Authority: Rise of the Religious Influencers on the Instagram. Social Media + Society, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051241286850
Ghofar, A., Fawwaz, M., Prestianawati, S. A., Mubarak, M. F., Manzilati, A., & Imamia, T. L. (2024). Young muslim generation’s preferences for using digital platforms for Zakat payments: A cross-country study of Indonesia and Malaysia. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(6), 3249. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i6.3249
Goffman, E. (2023). The presentation of self in everyday life. In Social theory re-wired (pp. 450–459). Routledge.
Hadi, M. N. (2021). CONSERVATIVE MUSLIM ON THE SCREEN: The Narrative of Islamic Family Law in Indonesian Films. Al-Ahwal, 14(2), 133–145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2021.14202
Handayani, Y. (2021). HUKUM PERKAWINAN ISLAM DI RUANG DIGITAL Bias Gender dalam Wacana Hukum Perkawinan di Instagram (ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW IN THE DIGITAL SPACE Gender Bias in the Discourse of Family Law in Instagram ). Al-Ahwal, 14(2), 112–132. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2021.14201
Hartono, H. S. (2018). Virtually (Im)Moral: Pious Indonesian Muslim Women’s Use of Facebook. Asian Studies Review, 42(1), 39–52.
Hayat, M. J. (2022). PREACHING ISLAMIC LEGAL RULES ON SCREEN Conservatism on Islamic Family Law in Digital-Based Dakwah Program Mamah dan Aa Beraksi. Al-Jami’ah, 60(2), 427–466. https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2022.602.427-466
Husein, F., & Slama, M. (2018). Online piety and its discontent: revisiting Islamic anxieties on Indonesian social media. Indonesia and the Malay World, 46(134), 80–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2018.1415056
Kamali, M. H. (2008). Shari’ah law: An introduction. Simon and Schuster.
Karčić, F. (2019). How Islamic Law Is Studied Today: An Overview. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 1. https://doi.org/129–34. doi:10.1080/13602004.2019.1587955
KhosraviNik, M. (2022). Digital meaning-making across content and practice in social media critical discourse studies. Critical Discourse Studies, 19(2), 119–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2020.1835683
Khramova, L. S. (2023). Personal Identity in the Era of Digital Transformation. Интеллект. Инновации. Инвестиции, 4(1), 130–135. https://doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2023-4-130
Kloos, D., Lim, M., & Lindquist, J. (2025). Faith, Followers, and Factions: Making Social Media Publics in Indonesia. Indonesia, 119(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1353/ind.2025.a961924
Lengauer, D. (2018). Sharing semangat taqwa: social media and digital Islamic socialities in Bandung. Indonesia and the Malay World, 46(134), 5–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2018.1415276
Lim, M. (2017). Freedom to hate: social media, algorithmic enclaves, and the rise of tribal nationalism in Indonesia. Critical Asian Studies, 49(3), 411–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2017.1341188
Maemonah, Zuhri, H., Masturin, M., Syafii, A., & Aziz, H. (2023). Contestation of Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia: Content analysis on social media. Cogent Education, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2164019
Mahy, P., Winarnita, M., & Nicholas, H. (2022). Influencing the influencers: Regulating the morality of online conduct in Indonesia. Policy and Internet, 14(3), 574–596. https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.321
Mukhlis, Wardiman, D., & Yetri, A. (2025). Indonesian Muslim Societies in the Digital Age. Digital Muslim Review, 2(2), 194–216. https://doi.org/10.32678/dmr.v2i2.46
Mundzir, M., Witro, D., Muna, M. N., Asa’ari, & Yusuf, M. (2023). Mediatization of Hadith and the Spirit of Da’Wah Moderation in Infographic Content of Online Media. Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies, 22(64), 55–79.
Musarrat, R., Ahmed, S., Munir, F., Riaz, S., & Hayat, N. (2022). Digital narcissism, self-esteem and self-objectification among Snapchat vs Facebook users. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 2022(9), 3128–3141.
Muttaqin, M. N., Nur, I., & Anshor, A. M. (2022). Social Media Fiqh: Social Media Use Intensity and Family Harmony in Tulungagung Regency. The Journal of Society and Media, 6(1), 207–231. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsm.v6n1.p207-231
Nisa, E. F. (2018). Creative and Lucrative Da’wa: The Visual Culture of Instagram amongst Female Muslim Youth in Indonesia. Asiascape: Digital Asia, 5(1–2), 68–99. https://doi.org/10.1163/22142312-12340085
Piwko, A. M., Sawicka, Z., & Andrej Adamski. (2021). ISLAMIC DOCTRINE ON MASS MEDIA: FROM THEOLOGICAL ASSUMPTIONS TO THE PRACTICAL ETHICS OF THE MEDIA. Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies, 20(58), 191–210.
Savitri Hartono, H. (2015). Muslim Mothers and Indonesian Gossip Shows in Everyday Life. Indonesia & the Malay World, 298–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2014.996995.
Sito Rohmawati, H., Zulkifli, & Hakiem, N. (2025). Mediatization and Hypermediation in Digital Religion and the Transformation of Indonesian Muslim Religious Practices through Social Media Usage. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama, 18(2), 133–150. https://doi.org/10.14421/jsa.2024.182-01
Slama, M. (2025). Social Media and the Question of Change in Indonesia’s Field of Islam. Indonesia, 119(1), 173–192. https://doi.org/10.1353/ind.2025.a961932
Stryker, S., & Burke, P. J. (2000). The Past, Present, and Future of an Identity Theory. Social Psychology Quarterly, 63(4), 284. https://doi.org/10.2307/2695840
Waliyuddin, M. N. (2019). Religious Expression of Millenial Muslims within Collective Narcissism Discourse in Digital Era. Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama Dan Sosial Budaya, 4(2), 176–190. https://doi.org/10.15575/jw.v4i2.6623
Yazid, M. (2023). NEGLECTING WOMEN’S RIGHTS: Indonesian YouTube Preachers’ Legal Opinion on Polygamy. Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 16(1), 69. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2023.16104
Zijderveld, M. C. (2023). The Instagrammable Authority of Religious Leaders [Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam]. https://doi.org/10.5463/thesis.393
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2025-06-30
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Siregar, M. H., Andy.N, N., Abdurrahman, Z., Kamal, M., & Zainal, Z. (2025). Digital Fiqh and Ethical Governance: Negotiating Islamic Normativity and Online Narcissism in Contemporary Indonesia. JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah), 24(1), 181–191. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v24i1.13218
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