POLITIK HUKUM KEKUASAAN KEHAKIMAN DI INDONESIA ÔÇ£BIDANG PERADILAN AGAMAÔÇØ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/jeh.v7i2.7496Keywords:
Politik Kekuasaan Kehakiman, Peradilan AgamaAbstract
Kekuasaan kahakiman di Indonesia sebagai lembaga yang memberikan keadilan dan pengayoman kepada masyarakat sejak sebelum kemerdekaan sampai saat ini sudah mengalami perubahan terkait dengan kemandirian pada lembaga tersebut. Peradilan agama salah satu yang menjalankan tugas kekuasaan kehakiman mengalami pasang surut disebabkan perubahan hukum dan politik negara Indonesia. Dasar yuridis peradilan agama di Indonesia yakni Pancasila, Dekrik Presiden 5 Juli tahun 1959 dan Undang-undang Dasar 1945. Pada awal kemerdekaan peradilan agama berada di bawah Departemen Agama. Namun, pada tahun 1948 keberadaannya sudah tidak diakui lagi. Tahun 1957 peradilan agama dibentuk kembali melalui Peraturan Pemerintah guna memenuhi kehendak masyarakat. Tahun 1964 peradilan agama kembali masuk pada kekuasaan kehakiman namun tidak setara dengan peradilan lain karena peradilan agama termasuk pada peradilan khusus. Tahun 1970 peradilan agama baru disetarakan dengan peradilan lain. Kemudian peradilan agama diatur dalam Undang-undang No. 7 tahun 1989 namun kemandirian sudah tidak ada lagi karena perkara yang diputuskan oleh peradilan agama harus dikukuhkan oleh peradilan negeri. Setelah era reformasi kemandirian dan wewenang peradilan agama baru setara dengan peradilan lain dan dinyatakan Undang-undang Dasar 1945 setelah diamandemen. Gerakan reformasi berhasil merubah tatanan politik dan hukum di Indonesia sehingga semua lembaga peradilan berada dalam satu atap di bawah lingkungan Mahkamah AgungReferences
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