The Development of Music-Accompanied Gymnastics to Improve Motor Skills in Early Childhood
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v5i1.13737Keywords:
Motor Skills, Early Childhood, Movement Exercises, Music AccompanimentAbstract
Motor skill development in early childhood is a vital aspect of supporting holistic child growth. This study aims to develop a music-accompanied gymnastics model designed to enhance motor skills in early childhood. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation phases. The results show that gymnastics accompanied by music is effective in improving children's motor skills, such as agility, coordination, imaginative thinking speed, rhythmic counting ability, as well as increasing motivation and participation in physical activities. Educators responded positively to the use of rhythmic music enhanced with percussion instruments such as castanets. These findings suggest that music-accompanied gymnastics can serve as an engaging and effective instructional strategy to support optimal motor development in early childhood
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Erlandson, M. C., Kontulainen, S. A., & Baxter-Jones, A. D. G. (2011). Precompetitive and recreational gymnasts have greater bone density, mass, and estimated strength at the distal radius in young childhood. Osteoporosis International, 22(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-010-1263-9
Hsieh, S.-S., Lin, C.-C., Chang, Y.-K., Huang, C.-J., & Hung, T.-M. (2017). Effects of Childhood Gymnastics Program on Spatial Working Memory. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 49(12), 2537–2547. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001399
Hu, B. Y., Zhou, Y., Chen, L., Fan, X., & Winsler, A. (2017). Preschool expenditures and Chinese children’s academic performance: The mediating effect of teacher-child interaction quality. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 41(April 2016), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2017.05.002
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Linda, R. F., & Rifki, M. S. (2020). Upaya Meningkatkan Gerak Lokomotor Anak Tunagrahita Ringan melalui Permainan Tradisional Engklek Modifiksi. Jurnal Stamina, 3(6), 417–425.
Maghfiroh, S. T. (2020). Upaya Meningkatkan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Melalui Kegiatan Senam Irama. Jurnal CARE (Children Advisory Research and Education), 8(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25273/jcare.v8i1.6875
Mukhtar, N. (2018). Penggunaan Alat Permainan Edukatif dalam Menstimulasi Perkembangan Fisik-Motorik Anak Usia Dini. SELING: Jurnal Program Studi PGRA, 4(2), 125–138.
Partriani, D., Jati, S. N., & Yuniarti, Y. (2020). Efektivitas Metode Drill Dalam Aktivitas Menggambar Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Barunawati Pontianak. Edukasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.29406/jepaud.v7i2.2002
Priyanti, N., & Warmansyah, J. (2021). The Effect of Loose Parts Media on Early Childhood Naturalist Intelligence. JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 15(2), 239–257. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpud.152.03
Rose, D., Jones Bartoli, A., & Heaton, P. (2019). Measuring the impact of musical learning on cognitive, behavioural and socio-emotional wellbeing development in children. Psychology of Music, 47(2), 284–303. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735617744887
Rudd, J. R., Barnett, L. M., Farrow, D., Berry, J., Borkoles, E., & Polman, R. (2017a). Effectiveness of a 16 week gymnastics curriculum at developing movement competence in children. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(2), 164–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.06.013
Rudd, J. R., Barnett, L. M., Farrow, D., Berry, J., Borkoles, E., & Polman, R. (2017b). The Impact of Gymnastics on Children’s Physical Self-Concept and Movement Skill Development in Primary Schools. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 21(2), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2016.1273225
Sari, I. P., Warmansyah, J., Yuningsih, R., & Sari, M. (2023). The Effect of Realistic Mathematics Education ( RME ) Learning Approach on the Ability to Recognize Number Concepts in Children Aged 4-5 Years. Journal of Islamic Education Students, 3, 38–49. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v3i1.8654
Shiddiq, K. H., Palupi, W., & Dewi, N. K. (2021). Measurement Ability Profile For Children Aged 4-6 Years. Early Childhood Education and Development Journal, 31. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/ecedj.v3i1.51040
Simamora, A. N., Sigalingging, G. P., Naipospos, Y. A., Situmorang, F., & Siregar, F. S. (2024). Pengaruh Senam Irama Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Anak. Harmoni Pendidikan : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(3), 153–161. https://doi.org/10.62383/hardik.v1i3.443
Sulistyowati, E. M., & Sukamti, E. R. (2018). Rhythmic Gymnastics of the Early Childhood. Proceedings of the 2nd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS 2018) and 1st Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2018). https://doi.org/10.2991/yishpess-cois-18.2018.104
Suwono. (2022). Local Culture-Based Music Game Model for Early Childhood Education. Journal of Childhood Development, 2(2), 112–121. https://doi.org/10.25217/jcd.v2i2.2746
Thapa, J., & Rodríguez-Quiles, J. A. (2023). Evaluation of the Early Childhood Music Education project’s influence on the development of 3- to 5-year-old children in Andalusia, Spain. British Journal of Music Education, 40(1), 96–108. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265051722000110
Warmansyah, J., Zulhendri, Z., & Amalina, A. (2021). The Effectiveness of Lore Traditional Games Towards The Ability to Recognize The Concept of Numbers on Early Childhood. Ta’dib, 24(2), 79. https://doi.org/10.31958/jt.v24i2.2685
Widjanarko, P., & Andaryani, E. T. (2022). Development of Music Intelligence in Paud Region of Surakarta Through the Angklung Game. Peer Reviewed International Journal, 14(11), 11–15. https://zienjournals.com
Wulandari, T., Warmansyah, J., Fitriani, W., Yuningsih, R., Sari, M., & Kadir Naffari, A. (2024). Unlocking Musical Brilliance: How Traditional Talempong Pacik Music Enhances the Intelligence of Children Aged 5-6 Years. Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Educational Research (IJECER), 3(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.31958/ijecer.v3i1.12461
Yu, Q., Pan, X., Liu, Z., & Deng, C. (2025). Effect of gymnastics on balance ability in children aged three to six years. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1549741
Yuningsih, R., Andriani, L., Warmansyah, J., Sari, M., Wiliani, S., & Solin, S. S. (2024). The Implementation of the Principal’s Academic Supervision in Improving the Professionalism of Early Childhood Educators. Journal of Islamic Education Students (JIES), 4(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v4i1.12300
Amini, F., Munir, S., & Lasari, Y. L. (2022). Studens Mathematical Problem Solving Ability in Elementary School: The Effect of Guided Discovery Learning. Journal of Islamic Education Students (JIES), 2(2), 49. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v2i2.5592
Angri Lismayani. (2023). Pengaruh Kegiatan Senam Irama Terhadap Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini. ECEJ : Early Childhood Education Journal, 1(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.62330/ecej.v1i1.9
Atabik, A. (2018). Pendidikan Dan Pengembangan Potensi Anak Usia Dini. ThufuLA: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Guru Raudhatul Athfal, 2(1), 149. https://doi.org/10.21043/thufula.v2i1.4270
Bisma, N., Desmita, D., Kharisma Diyenti, A., Adha Karim, N., Zalzabila, Z., Yulia, N., Warmansyah, J., & Sulong, K. (2023). The Influence of Audio Stories on Enhancing Digital Literacy In Early Childhood: A Survey Study. Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Educational Research (IJECER), 2(2), 57. https://doi.org/10.31958/ijecer.v2i2.11526
Desmita, D., Diyenti, A. K., & Karim, N. A. (2023). The Influence of Audio Stories on Enhancing Digital Literacy In Early Childhood : A Survey Study. Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Education Research (IJECER), 2(2), 57–70. https://doi.org/10.31958/ijecer.v2i2.11526
Dewi, D., Asril, N. M., & Wirabrata, D. G. F. (2021). Instrumen Asesmen Untuk Mengukur Perkembangan Fisik Motorik Kasar pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Undiksha, 9(3), 416. https://doi.org/10.23887/paud.v9i3.39857
Djuanda, I., & Adipura, P. (2020). Peningkatan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini Melalui Bermain Lempar Tangkap Bola (Penelitian Pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Nurul Fadilah Depok). Jurnal Komunikasi Antar Perguruan Tinggi Agama Islam, 19(2), 265–274.
Erlandson, M. C., Kontulainen, S. A., & Baxter-Jones, A. D. G. (2011). Precompetitive and recreational gymnasts have greater bone density, mass, and estimated strength at the distal radius in young childhood. Osteoporosis International, 22(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-010-1263-9
Hsieh, S.-S., Lin, C.-C., Chang, Y.-K., Huang, C.-J., & Hung, T.-M. (2017). Effects of Childhood Gymnastics Program on Spatial Working Memory. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 49(12), 2537–2547. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001399
Hu, B. Y., Zhou, Y., Chen, L., Fan, X., & Winsler, A. (2017). Preschool expenditures and Chinese children’s academic performance: The mediating effect of teacher-child interaction quality. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 41(April 2016), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2017.05.002
Jumriatin, J., & Anhusadar, L. (2022). Finger Painting Dalam Menstimulus Perkembangan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini. PELANGI: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Islam Anak Usia Dini, 4(1), 31–49. https://doi.org/10.52266/pelangi.v4i1.815
Kamelia, N. (2019). Perkembangan Fisik Motorik Anak Usia Dini (Standar Tingkat Pencapaian Perkembangan Anak ) STPPA Tercapai di RA Harapan Bangsa Maguwoharjo Condong Catur Yogyakarta. KINDERGARTEN: Journal of Islamic Early Childhood Education, 2(2), 112. https://doi.org/10.24014/kjiece.v2i2.9064
Kurniawati, H., Ika Rahayu Satyaninrum, Siskha Putri Sayekti, & Putri Rahmizar. (2022). Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Kinestetik pada Anak Usia Dini Melalui Outbound pada Siswa RA Al-Ghifary. LITERASI: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Indonesia, 1(2), 128–137. https://doi.org/10.58218/literasi.v1i2.406
Linda, R. F., & Rifki, M. S. (2020). Upaya Meningkatkan Gerak Lokomotor Anak Tunagrahita Ringan melalui Permainan Tradisional Engklek Modifiksi. Jurnal Stamina, 3(6), 417–425.
Maghfiroh, S. T. (2020). Upaya Meningkatkan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Melalui Kegiatan Senam Irama. Jurnal CARE (Children Advisory Research and Education), 8(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25273/jcare.v8i1.6875
Mukhtar, N. (2018). Penggunaan Alat Permainan Edukatif dalam Menstimulasi Perkembangan Fisik-Motorik Anak Usia Dini. SELING: Jurnal Program Studi PGRA, 4(2), 125–138.
Partriani, D., Jati, S. N., & Yuniarti, Y. (2020). Efektivitas Metode Drill Dalam Aktivitas Menggambar Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Barunawati Pontianak. Edukasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.29406/jepaud.v7i2.2002
Priyanti, N., & Warmansyah, J. (2021). The Effect of Loose Parts Media on Early Childhood Naturalist Intelligence. JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 15(2), 239–257. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpud.152.03
Rose, D., Jones Bartoli, A., & Heaton, P. (2019). Measuring the impact of musical learning on cognitive, behavioural and socio-emotional wellbeing development in children. Psychology of Music, 47(2), 284–303. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735617744887
Rudd, J. R., Barnett, L. M., Farrow, D., Berry, J., Borkoles, E., & Polman, R. (2017a). Effectiveness of a 16 week gymnastics curriculum at developing movement competence in children. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(2), 164–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.06.013
Rudd, J. R., Barnett, L. M., Farrow, D., Berry, J., Borkoles, E., & Polman, R. (2017b). The Impact of Gymnastics on Children’s Physical Self-Concept and Movement Skill Development in Primary Schools. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 21(2), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2016.1273225
Sari, I. P., Warmansyah, J., Yuningsih, R., & Sari, M. (2023). The Effect of Realistic Mathematics Education ( RME ) Learning Approach on the Ability to Recognize Number Concepts in Children Aged 4-5 Years. Journal of Islamic Education Students, 3, 38–49. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v3i1.8654
Shiddiq, K. H., Palupi, W., & Dewi, N. K. (2021). Measurement Ability Profile For Children Aged 4-6 Years. Early Childhood Education and Development Journal, 31. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/ecedj.v3i1.51040
Simamora, A. N., Sigalingging, G. P., Naipospos, Y. A., Situmorang, F., & Siregar, F. S. (2024). Pengaruh Senam Irama Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Anak. Harmoni Pendidikan : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(3), 153–161. https://doi.org/10.62383/hardik.v1i3.443
Sulistyowati, E. M., & Sukamti, E. R. (2018). Rhythmic Gymnastics of the Early Childhood. Proceedings of the 2nd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS 2018) and 1st Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2018). https://doi.org/10.2991/yishpess-cois-18.2018.104
Suwono. (2022). Local Culture-Based Music Game Model for Early Childhood Education. Journal of Childhood Development, 2(2), 112–121. https://doi.org/10.25217/jcd.v2i2.2746
Thapa, J., & Rodríguez-Quiles, J. A. (2023). Evaluation of the Early Childhood Music Education project’s influence on the development of 3- to 5-year-old children in Andalusia, Spain. British Journal of Music Education, 40(1), 96–108. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265051722000110
Warmansyah, J., Zulhendri, Z., & Amalina, A. (2021). The Effectiveness of Lore Traditional Games Towards The Ability to Recognize The Concept of Numbers on Early Childhood. Ta’dib, 24(2), 79. https://doi.org/10.31958/jt.v24i2.2685
Widjanarko, P., & Andaryani, E. T. (2022). Development of Music Intelligence in Paud Region of Surakarta Through the Angklung Game. Peer Reviewed International Journal, 14(11), 11–15. https://zienjournals.com
Wulandari, T., Warmansyah, J., Fitriani, W., Yuningsih, R., Sari, M., & Kadir Naffari, A. (2024). Unlocking Musical Brilliance: How Traditional Talempong Pacik Music Enhances the Intelligence of Children Aged 5-6 Years. Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Educational Research (IJECER), 3(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.31958/ijecer.v3i1.12461
Yu, Q., Pan, X., Liu, Z., & Deng, C. (2025). Effect of gymnastics on balance ability in children aged three to six years. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1549741
Yuningsih, R., Andriani, L., Warmansyah, J., Sari, M., Wiliani, S., & Solin, S. S. (2024). The Implementation of the Principal’s Academic Supervision in Improving the Professionalism of Early Childhood Educators. Journal of Islamic Education Students (JIES), 4(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v4i1.12300
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2025-04-24
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Radiah Wakulu, P., & Priyanti, N. (2025). The Development of Music-Accompanied Gymnastics to Improve Motor Skills in Early Childhood. Journal of Islamic Education Students (JIES), 5(1), 98–112. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v5i1.13737
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