Between ShariÔÇÿah-Oriented Politics and Modern Bureaucracy: The Case of the Zaken Cabinet in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/jisrah.v6i1.15661Kata Kunci:
Zaken Cabinet, Meritocracy in Ministerial Appointments, Normative Legal AnalysisAbstrak
This study aims to examine the legal foundations for the formation of the Zaken Cabinet in Indonesia, investigate its establishment in the post-Reformation era, and analyze the extent of its independence and professionalism. Employing a normative legal research approach, this paper focuses on statutory analysis by utilizing primary legal materials such as legislation, alongside secondary sources including books, journals, and scholarly articles relevant to the research topic. Data were analyzed using content analysis in a narrative form. The findings indicate that the formation of the Zaken Cabinet is grounded in various legal instruments, including MPR Decree No. XI of 1998 on Clean Governance, MPR Decree No. VI of 2001 on National Ethics, Law No. 39 of 2008 in conjunction with Law No. 61 of 2024 on State Ministries, Law No. 20 of 2023 on State Civil Apparatus, and Government Regulation No. 11 of 2017 on Civil Service Management. Although the concept of a Zaken CabinetÔÇöcomposed of experts, technocrats, and independent professionalsÔÇöis implicitly acknowledged in these legal texts, its full implementation remains constrained. Indonesia's multiparty political system continues to dominate the ministerial appointment process, resulting in the persistence of spoils-based practices rather than the meritocratic principles mandated by civil service law. As a result, the aspiration for a fully independent and professional cabinet remains a challenge within the current political structure.
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Anas, F., Shodikin, S., & Sholikin, A. (2025). Reformasi Birokrasi dan Merit Sistem Pemerintahan Daerah. Madani Jurnal Politik Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan, 17(01 SE-Articles). https://e-jurnal.unisda.ac.id/index.php/MADANI/article/view/9596
Arief, S., Rasyid Ridho, M., & Erawan, M. A. (2020). Tarik-Ulur Keterwakilan Perempuan Sebagai Menteri Dalam Kabinet Pemerintahan. Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal), 9(3), 507. https://doi.org/10.24843/JMHU.2020.v09.i03.p04
Arifin, Z., Handayani, E. P., & Virdaus, S. (2020). Quo Vadis Kebijakan Penyusunan Kabinet Koalisi Jokowi Tinjauan Filosofis, Historis, Teoritis dan Yuridis. Khazanah Hukum, 2(1), 10–23. https://doi.org/10.15575/kh.v2i1.8282
Askana Fikriana, Muhammad Irwanto, & Sri Sulistiya. (2025). Urgensi Utusan Khusus Presiden Berdasarkan Perpres No. 137 Tahun 2024 Perspektif Fiqh Siyasah. Al-Zayn : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum, 3(3), 1659–1665. https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v3i3.1465
Asshiddiqie, J. (2006). Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Tata Negara. Konstitusi Press.
Busroh, F. F., & Khairo, F. (2023). Strengthening Indonesia’s Cabinet System: Embracing the Zaken Cabinet. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(12), e2412. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i12.2412
Ch’ien, M. (2019). Merits and Demerits of Political Systems in Dynastic China. Springer. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58514-6
Della, A. S., D, N. Q., Iskandar, A. R. N. N. I., & Hafizah, D. (2025). Dampak penyalahgunaan Wewenang terhadap praktek suap dalam pengangkatan dan penempatan PPPK. Iuris Studia: Jurnal Kajian Hukum, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.55357/is.v6i1.830
Helman, E. D. P. (2024). Pergeseran Paradigma Penggunaan Hak Prerogatif Presiden Dalam Pengangkatan Menteri. Universitas Andalas.
Hidayat, F. (2023). The Impact Of Bureaucratic Reform On Indonesian Governance: A Perspective Review Of Academic Literature. Jurnal Politik Pemerintahan Dharma Praja, 16(2), 169–196. https://doi.org/10.33701/jppdp.v16i2.3761
Kalesaran, M. (2021). Penerapan Sistem Merit Menuju Pemerintahan Yang Terpercaya. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Suara Khatulistiwa, 6(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.33701/jipsk.v6i1.1703
Kurnia Illahi, B., Simabura, C., & Kabullah, M. I. (2024). Presidential Power in the Formation of Cabinet Posture after the State Ministries Law 2024. South East Asian Journal of Advanced Law and Governance (SEAJ ALGOV), 1(2), 49–77. https://doi.org/10.22146/seajalgov.v1i2.15929
Musonnif, A., Mahardika, A. G., Maratus, N. F., & Muttaqin, M. N. (2024). Government Position in Religious Authority Contestation in Indonesia: Reviewing the Government Authority in Determining the Beginning of Islamic Months. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syar’iah, 16(2), 336–362. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v16i2.27517
Muzaki, K. A., Jahar, A. S., & Suma, M. A. (2021). Reform of the Law of Inheritance in Turkey and Tunisia. AL-’ADALAH, 17(2), 249–268. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v17i2.8031
Nggilu, N., & Fence M. Wantu. (2020). Menapaki Jalan Konstitusional Menuju Zaken Cabinet : Ikhtiar Mewujudkan Pemerintah Berkualitas Konstitusi. Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan, 15(1), 126–140. https://doi.org/10.33059/jhsk.v15i1.1653
Oslita, O., Febrian, F., & Ridwan, R. (2025). Merit System Inefficacy: Analysis of ASN Vulnerability to Regional Head Authority Post-Elections in Indonesia. Jurnal Public Policy, 11(2), 179–188. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35308/jpp.v11i2.11708
Priandana, N. G., Wahyudi, R., Fauzani, N., & Mabilla, A. (2025). Tinjauan Kritis Zaken Kabinet Dalam Pemerintahan Prabowo Subianto Terhadap Struktur Dan Efektifitas Pemerintahan Sebagai Kajian Hukum Tata Negara. Jurnal Res Justitia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 5(1), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.46306/rj.v5i1.206
Rakhmawanto, A. (2018). Dikotomi Sistem Merit dan Politisasi Birokrasi dalam Pengangkatan Jabatan ASN. In Jakarta: Badan Kepegawaian Negara.
Salsabil, M. N. E. (2019). Sistem Presidensial Dan Dinamika Hubungan Eksekutif-Legislatif Studi Perbandingan Sistem Pemerintahan Di Indonesia Di Era Reformasi Dan Turki Pasca Referendum 2017. FISIP UIN Jakarta.
Sorik, S., Natalia, S. W., Yustiyah, E., & Dwiatmoko, A. (2022). Problematika Pengisian Jabatan Menteri Yang Membidangi Birokrasi di Indonesia. Jurnal Konstitusi Dan Demokrasi, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.7454/JKD.v2i1.1205
Suhaimi, E. (2019). EKSISTENSI PEMERINTAHAN PARTAI DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 19(2), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v19i2.4417
Sunstein, C. R., & Vermeule, A. (2021). The Unitary Executive: Past, Present, Future. The Supreme Court Review, 2020(1), 83–117. https://doi.org/10.1086/714860
Taufik, M. (2021). Dinamika Dalam Penerapan Sistem Pemerintahan Pesidensial Dan Parlementer Di Indonesia. Qaumiyyah: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara, 1(2), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.24239/qaumiyyah.v1i2.10
Thuỷ, P. V. (2019). Beyond Political Skin. Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3711-6
Wasisto, A. (2023). Patterns of Cabinet Formation in Indonesia: the Case of Yudhoyono and Widodo’s Cabinets. Kajian, 26(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.22212/kajian.v26i1.3907
Yanto, A., & Nugraha, H. S. (2022). Redesain Pengisian Jabatan Menteri Dalam Sistem Presidensial Di Indonesia. PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum, 15(2), 130–153. https://doi.org/10.33019/progresif.v16i2.2508
Yudha, G., Kesuma, A. S., Aziz, A., & Fauzan, F. (2024). The Philosophical Basis of Al-Ahkam Al-Sulthaniyah and Its Relevance for State Governance Based on Asta Cita. KALAM, 18(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24042/kalam.v18i2.24664
Zada, K., Suparta, M., Ruswadi, B., Dahri, H., & Sahid, M. M. (2022). Constitutionalizing Sharia: Identity and Independence of Islamic Politics Among Students. JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah), 21(2), 195–206. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/juris.v21i2.6954
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