The Childfree Phenomenon among Muslim Couples: An Analysis from Yusuf al-Qaradawi's Perspective and Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah
Abstrak
This study examines the phenomenon of Muslim couples choosing to remain childfree in Joho Village, Semen District, Kediri Regency, from the perspectives of Yusuf al-Qaradawi and Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah. This phenomenon is significant to explore because Islam regards offspring as one of the primary objectives of marriage, closely related to the concept of ḥifẓ al-nasl (the preservation of lineage). The study aims to identify the background factors behind childfree decisions and to analyze Yusuf al-Qaradawi's and Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah's perspectives on this practice. This research employs an empirical method using a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews with two childfree Muslim couples, observation, and literature review. The data were analyzed descriptively and analytically to understand the phenomenon occurring within society. The findings reveal that the decision to remain childfree is influenced by economic considerations, mental readiness, health conditions, and mutual agreement between husband and wife. Yusuf al-Qaradawi considers having children an important objective of marriage, although not an absolute obligation. Decisions regarding having children may consider aspects of maṣlaḥah (public benefit), including economic conditions, health, and the couple's readiness. From the perspective of Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah, the childfree decision among couples in Joho Village reflects efforts to preserve well-being and avoid harm. Although offspring remain important within the principle of ḥifẓ al-nasl, the practice of childfree can be understood as a form of ijtihād that remains within the framework of Islamic law because it is based on considerations of benefit and the couples' actual circumstances.
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