Implementation and Settlement of Land Lease Disputes in the Adat Tradition Reviewed from the Perspective of Sharia Economic Law (Study in Muaro Paneh Village, Solok Regency)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/jeh.v10i2.16107Keywords:
Customary Content, Land Lease, Sharia Economic LawAbstract
This qualitative study explores land lease practices based on “isi adat” (customary content) in Nagari Muaro Paneh, Solok Regency, focusing on the forms and resolution of land lease disputes. The isi adat tradition, passed down orally without a clear time limit, involves payment in the form of gold, harvest, or labor. The research examines the alignment of this practice with Sharia Economic Law, highlighting issues such as unclear contract terms, elements of gharar (uncertainty), and imbalanced rights and obligations. Data were collected through interviews with 26 landowners and 100 tenants, supplemented by field observations and documentary studies. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, using reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, with source triangulation for validity. Findings reveal four types of land rental transactions: (1) paid adat land rental, (2) adat land rental with clever bamamak, (3) adat land rental leading to sale, and (4) adat land rental resulting in eviction. Disputes include violations of agreements, unauthorized building additions, evictions due to social norm violations, and tenants’ ownership claims. Resolution is predominantly non-litigation, through customary mediation, family negotiations, or unilateral decisions. A critical analysis identifies structural issues, such as uncertainty in contracts and power imbalances, which conflict with Islamic principles of justice (‘adl) and mutual consent (taradin).
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